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  • Objects and Why They Matter
  • Working with Objects
  • Coding with Objects
  • The Math Object
  • Math Methods
  • Combining Math Methods
LaunchCode
  • Home
  • Chapter 1: Introduction
    • Reading
      • Why Learn to Code?
      • Why Learn JavaScript?
      • About LaunchCode Programs
      • Blended Learning
      • Class Platforms
      • Using This Book
      • Technologies in This Course
  • Chapter 2: How Programs Work
    • Reading
      • Introduction
      • Programming Languages
      • The JavaScript Language
      • Setting Up Your Coding Tools
      • Your First Program
      • Workflow Recap
    • Next Steps
  • Chapter 3: How to Write Code
    • Reading
      • What is Code?
      • Syntax Rules
      • JavaScript Projects Repository
      • Comments
      • Output with console.log
      • Fixing Errors in Your Code
    • Welcome, Novice Coder
  • Chapter 4: Data and Variables
    • Reading
      • Values and Data Types
      • Type Conversion
      • Variables
      • More on Variables
      • Expressions and Evaluation
      • Operations
      • Other Operators
      • Input with readline-sync
    • Exercises: Data and Variables
    • Studio: Goal Setting and Getting into the Right Mindset
  • Chapter 5: Making Decisions with Conditionals
    • Reading
      • Booleans
      • Equality
      • Logical Operators
      • Conditionals
      • Nested Conditionals
    • Exercises: Booleans and Conditionals
    • Studio: Shuttle Launch
  • Chapter 6: Errors and Debugging
    • Reading
      • What is Debugging?
      • Categories of Errors
      • Diagnosing Error Messages
      • Error Types
      • Debugging Logic Errors
      • How to Avoid Debugging
      • Asking Good Questions
    • Exercises: Debugging
    • Next Steps
  • Chapter 7: Stringing Characters Together
    • Reading
      • Strings as Collections
      • Bracket Notation
      • Strings as Objects
      • String Immutability
      • String Methods
      • Encoding Characters
      • Special Characters
      • Template Literals
    • Exercises: Strings
  • Chapter 8: Arrays Keep Things in Order
    • Reading
      • Arrays Are Like Strings
      • Working With Arrays
      • Array Methods
      • Multi-Dimensional Arrays
    • Exercises: Arrays
    • Studio: Strings and Arrays
  • Chapter 9: Repeating with Loops
    • Reading
      • Iteration
      • for Loops
      • Iterating Over Collections
      • Breaking Down the for Statement
      • The Accumulator Pattern
      • while Loops
      • Terminating a Loop with break
      • Choosing Which Loop to Use
    • Exercises: Loops
    • Studio: Loops
    • Next Steps
  • Chapter 10: Functions Are at Your Beck and Call
    • Reading
      • Introduction
      • Using Functions
      • Creating Functions
      • Function Input and Output
      • A Good Function-Writing Process
      • Parameters and Variables
      • Naming Functions
      • Composing Functions
      • Why Create Functions?
    • Exercises: Functions
    • Studio: Functions
  • Chapter 11: More on Functions
    • Reading
      • Functions as Objects
      • Anonymous Functions
      • Passing Functions as Arguments
      • Receiving Functions as Arguments
      • Why Use Anonymous Functions?
      • Recursion
      • Recursion Walkthrough: The Base Case
      • Making a Function Call Itself
      • Recursion Wrap-Up
    • Exercises: More on Functions
    • Studio: More Functions
  • Chapter 12: Objects and the Math Object
    • Reading
      • Objects and Why They Matter
      • Working with Objects
      • Coding with Objects
      • The Math Object
      • Math Methods
      • Combining Math Methods
    • Exercises: Objects and Math
    • Studio: Objects and Math
    • Next Steps
  • Chapter 13: Modules
    • Reading
      • What are Modules
      • Require Modules
      • NPM
      • Exporting Modules
    • Exercises: Modules
    • Studio: Boosting Confidence
    • Next Steps
  • Chapter 14: Unit Testing
    • Reading
      • Why Test Your Code?
      • Hello, Jest!
      • Unit Testing in Action
      • Test-Driven Development
      • TDD in Action
    • Exercises: Unit Testing
    • Studio: Unit Testing
    • Next Steps
  • Chapter 15: Scope
    • Reading
      • Introduction
      • Using Scope
    • Next Steps
  • Chapter 16: More on Types
    • Reading
      • Primitive Data Types
    • Next Steps
  • Chapter 17: Exceptions
    • Reading
      • Introduction
      • Throw
      • Exceptions as Control Flow
    • Exercises: Exceptions
    • Studio: Strategic Debugging
    • Next Steps
  • Chapter 18: Classes
    • Reading
      • What are Classes?
      • Declaring and Calling a Class
      • Assigning Class Methods
      • Inheritance
    • Exercises: Classes
    • Studio: Classes
    • Next Steps
  • Chapter 19: Terminal
    • Reading
      • What is a terminal anyways?
      • Filesystem and Paths
      • How to Do Stuff in the Terminal
      • Running Programs in the Terminal
    • Exercises
    • Next Steps
  • Chapter 20: We Built the Internet on HTML
    • Reading
      • Background
      • HTML Structure
      • HTML Tags
    • Exercises: HTML
    • Studio: Making Headlines
    • Next Steps
  • Chapter 21: Styling the Web With CSS
    • Reading
      • What is CSS?
      • CSS Structure
      • CSS Rules
    • Exercises: CSS
    • Next Steps
  • Chapter 22: Git More Collaboration
    • Reading
      • What is Git?
      • Repositories and Commits
      • Remote Repositories
      • Branches
      • Merging in Git
    • Exercises: Git
    • Studio: Communication Log
      • Task 1: Getting Started
      • Task 2: Time to Communicate!
    • Next Steps
  • Chapter 23: The DOM and Events
    • Reading
      • JavaScript and the Browser
      • The Dom
      • More DOM Methods and Properties
      • Events
      • Event Listeners
      • Event Types
    • Exercises: The DOM and Events
    • Studio: The DOM and Events
    • Next Steps
  • Chapter 24: HTTP, the Postal Service of the Internet
    • Reading
      • How the Internet Works
      • HTTP at a Glance
      • Requests
      • Responses
      • HTTP in the Browser
    • Next Steps
  • Chapter 25: User Input with Forms
    • Reading
      • Forms
      • Form Submission
      • POST Form Submission
      • Text Inputs
      • Specialized Text Inputs
      • Checkbox Input
      • Radio Input
      • Select Input
      • Validation with JavaScript
    • Exercises: Forms
    • Studio: HTTP and Forms
    • Next Steps
  • Chapter 26: JSON
    • Reading
      • Introduction
      • Data Formats and JSON
    • Exercises: JSON
    • Next Steps
  • Chapter 27: Fetch
    • Reading
      • Fetching Data
      • Asynchronous and Promises
    • Exercises: Fetch
    • Studio: Fetch & JSON
    • Next Steps
  • Chapter 28: The Modern JavaScript Landscape
    • Reading
      • The JavaScript-y Way
      • JavaScript Syntax Extensions
      • Supersets
      • Transpilation
    • Next Steps
  • Chapter 29: React, Part 1
    • Reading
      • Introduction
      • React Components
      • Create a React Application
      • More on Vite
      • Make a New Component
    • Exercises: Chores vs. Hobbies
    • Studio: A Few of Your Favorite Recipes
    • Next Steps
  • Chapter 30: React, Part 2
    • Reading
      • JavaScript in React
      • Conditional Rendering
      • The map( ) Function
    • Exercises
    • Studio
    • Next Steps
  • Chapter 31: React, Part 3
    • Reading
      • An Introduction to State in React
      • Changes in State
      • React and the DOM
      • Introduction to React Forms
    • Exercises
    • Studio
    • Next Steps
  • Chapter 32: Booster Rockets
    • Best Practices: Learning to Code
    • The Power of Persistence
    • Let's Play Ball
    • Brain Breaks
  • Graded Assignments
    • Autograding Your Tests
    • Assignment 0: Hello, World!
      • Task 1: Project Introduction
      • Task 2: Hello, World!
      • Task 3: Test and Commit
    • Assignment 1: Candidate Testing
      • Project Introduction
      • Task 1: Minimum Viable Quiz
      • Task 2: Multiple Questions
      • Task 3: Grade the Quiz
    • Assignment 2: Scrabble Scorer
      • Task 1: Initial Prompt
      • Task 2: Add and Organize Scoring Algorithms
      • Task 3: Transform Scrabble Scoring
      • Task 4: Transform the Object
      • Task 5: Submitting Your Work
    • Assignment 3: Mars Rover
      • Task 1: Intro and Starter Code
      • Task 2: Command Class
      • Task 3: Message Class
      • Task 4: Rover Class
      • Task 5: Submitting Your Work
    • Assignment 4: Html Me Something
      • Project Introduction
      • Task 1: Creating Your Content
      • Task 2: Styling
      • Task 3: Testing and Submitting Your Project
      • Next Steps
    • Assignment 5: Launch Checklist
      • Task 1: Setting Up the Starter Code
      • Task 2: Adding Validation
      • Task 3: Fetching Planetary Data
      • Task 4: Submitting Your Work
    • Assignment 6: Orbit Report
      • Project Introduction
      • Task 1: Getting Started
      • Task 2: Create the Banner Component
      • Task 3: Update App.jsx
      • Task 4: Update Buttons.jsx
      • Task 5: Update Table.jsx
      • Task 6: Optional Styling
      • Task 7: Running the Auto-grading Tests
    • Next Steps
  • Installations
    • Installing Git
    • Installing Node
    • Visual Studio Code Installation
    • Terminal Setup
  • Appendices
    • String Method Examples
      • indexOf Examples
      • toLowerCase Examples
      • toUpperCase Examples
      • trim Examples
      • replace Examples
      • slice Examples
    • Array Method Examples
      • concat Examples
      • includes Example
      • indexOf Examples
      • join Examples
      • push and pop Examples
      • reverse Example
      • shift and unshift Examples
      • slice Examples
      • sort Examples
      • splice Examples
      • split Examples
    • Math Method Examples
      • Math.abs Examples
      • Math.ceil, floor, and trunc Examples
      • Math.max and Math.min Examples
      • Math.pow and Math.sqrt Examples
      • Math.random Examples
      • Math.round Examples
    • DOM Method Examples
      • confirm Examples
      • getElementById Examples
      • querySelector and querySelectorAll Examples
      • innerHTML Examples
      • style property Examples
    • Terminal Commands Tutorial
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